雅思寫作中如何巧用that?今天北京培頓教育小編就為大家講講在雅思寫作中,that這個詞如何使用!在上菜之前,各位客官還是先熱熱身找找感覺才能更有參與感…

以下兩個句子,先來判斷一下正誤
A. The consumption of chicken, however, showed an upward trend, overtaking the consumption of lamb in 1980 and the consumption of beef in 1989.
B. The proportion of expenditure on leisure and education in Turkey was largest at 4.35%, which was twice higher than that of Spain.
這兩句話看完后,相信有的同學可能會覺得沒啥問題,有的同學可能會覺得句子需要修改但說不出需要改哪里…
而其實,上面的兩個句子都有需要改動的地方,下面給大家一一分析分析~
句A
The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking the consumption of lamb in 1980 and the consumption of beef in 1989.
這個句子讀起來大家肯定都會覺得特別特別累贅,一個單詞竟然在同一個句子中出現了三遍!但沒辦法啊,這個句子要表達的是“雞的消耗量超過了羊肉的消耗量和牛肉的消耗量”,后面不重復的話,前后對比的對象就不一致了。
這個考慮是對的:在一個句子中如果要對比兩者,得確保前后對比的對象一致。
上面這個句子就語法結構來說其實是正確的,但這樣寫就會導致另一個問題了,那就是官方評分標準中的:由于指代和替換不足顯得行文重復。
所以這后兩個“consumption”肯定要處理一下的。
其中一種方式就是替換
The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking the figure for lamb in 1980 and the figure for beef in 1989. (√)
用figure替換一下,看起來不會太重復了。
不過如果要更加簡潔明了,可以選擇接下來第二種方式,也就是今天要講的重頭戲—指示代詞“that”的使用
在句A的這種情況:既要對比兩個對象+要確保這兩個被對比的對象一致
這個瞬間就想起它— that
也就是,可把重復指代的部分用“that”來代替
The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989.
[句子來自劍橋真題C721官方范文](佳)
這樣一來就可以既做到對比對象前后一致,又不會顯得句子重復累贅了~
句B
The proportion of expenditure on leisure and education in Turkey was largest at 4.35%, which was twice higher than that of Spain.
這次看起來沒問題了吧,為了前后對比對象一致,這個句子巧妙地用上了that,這還不行么??
emmm…這個句子還是有誤的。不過這一次錯不在指代或者替換不足,而是that后面的介詞,這次不是用of,而得用in。
為什么為什么又要用in了??
回答這個問題之前,大家得仔細看看這個句子的that指代的是什么?
B. The proportion of expenditure on leisure and education in Turkey was largest at 4.35%, which was twice higher than that of Spain. (誤)
這次的that指代的是整個橫線處的部分了,橫線后面是跟的 in Turkey,那么that 后面的介詞也得跟著來:
B. The proportion of expenditure on leisure and education in Turkey was largest at 4.35%, which was twice higher than that in Spain. (√)
也就是說,在以上這種情況用that,還得好好地看清楚這個that到底具體指代什么成分,同時關注that后面的介詞使用,這個that后的介詞也要跟前面的對稱才行。
除此之外,大家也需要知道,that畢竟只是指代單數名詞的,指代復數名詞的話就得換成those了
e.g. Couples generally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%).
[句子來自劍橋真題C411官方范文]
以上就是這次學習的全部內容。
最后的最后,平時多練習固然重要,但不要做一個練習的“機器”。大家備考真的要培養仔細觀察、對比和思考的好習慣。平時在上課或者課后復習的時候,就多想想:這個句子為什么這么寫?同一個用法什么情況下可以或者需要這樣寫?思考過后才會更容易真正變成自己的東西滴~大家備考加油!!



