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在雅思考試備考中我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，雅思閱讀中一篇好的文章用詞豐富、句式多變。雅思閱讀的文章均摘自西方報(bào)刊雜志，屬于原汁原味的外文資料，自然也會(huì)遵循著以上規(guī)律，所以雅思閱讀中對(duì)詞匯的考查萬變不離其宗，無非是對(duì)同義詞、反義詞、同根詞進(jìn)行考核。


　　首先我們來給雅思閱讀中的同(反)義詞下個(gè)定義：釋義相同(反)的詞。如： “attraction” 和 “allure”雖然詞性不同但我們?nèi)匀环Q它們?yōu)橥x詞。同樣， “essentially” 和 “unnecessary” 稱為反義詞。同根詞指的是一個(gè)單詞的所有詞性的組合, 如: value, valuable, invaluable, valueless. 可見這里的定義是泛泛的，是為了很好的應(yīng)試而進(jìn)行的 “粗糙卻很受用” 定義。

　　了解了詞匯的考核形式，下面天道小編就雅思閱讀中典型的詞匯換用舉幾個(gè)例子：

　　雅思閱讀詞匯換用例一：

　　原文：　In Europe, the obstacle has been conservative local authorities and developers who prefer to ensure quick sales with conventional mass-produced housing.

　　題目：Many developers prefer mass-produced houses because they...

　　答案：sell quickly

　　解析：原文和題目中的句意關(guān)鍵詞developer, prefer 均相同，但 “housing” 換成了 “houses”, 即同根詞的代換。 “they” 指代 “houses”， 又因?yàn)?“because” 應(yīng)該引導(dǎo)從句，所以答案為動(dòng)詞短語。 “quick sales” 對(duì)應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞短語為上述答案， 也就是說答案也是根據(jù)同根詞替換而來的。

　　雅思閱讀詞匯換用例二：

　　原文：While this includes complex kingdoms, as in Africa, and ancient empires, such as those of the Americas, the primary focus of attention in the twentieth century has been on small-scale societies.

　　題目：The twentieth-century collections come mainly from mainstream societies such as the US and Europe.

　　答案：FALSE

　　解析：原文與題目對(duì)比出現(xiàn)了一組反義代換詞 “small-scale societies” 和 “mainstream societies”.

　　雅思閱讀詞匯換用例三：

　　原文：Countries all over the world are actively promoting their wilderness regions to high-spending tourists. The attraction of these regions is obvious: by definition, wilderness tourism requires litter or no initial investment.

　　題目：The low cost of setting wilderness tourism makes it attractive to many countries.

　　答案：TRUE

　　解析：low cost=little or no initial investment; “attractive” 為 “attraction”的同根詞代換。

　　雅思閱讀詞匯換用例四：

　　原文：In their new location, the beekeeper will pay the farmer to allow his bees to feed in such places as orange groves.

　　題目： They transport their hives to orange groves where farmers (charge) beekeepers for placing them on their land. Here the bees make honey.

　　解析：這是劍橋上的一個(gè)填空題。不難看出，為了考查詞匯，題目對(duì)原文進(jìn)行了同義句轉(zhuǎn)換，但是對(duì)主語和賓語進(jìn)行了調(diào)換，所以謂語動(dòng)詞也采用了相應(yīng)的反義詞形式。

　　由以上示例不難看出，我們?cè)诒逞潘伎荚囋~匯時(shí)應(yīng)注意著重記憶形容詞、動(dòng)詞。 對(duì)每個(gè)雅思必備詞匯的同根詞要加以關(guān)注。并且可以從大家背單詞時(shí)容易永遠(yuǎn)都沒有背到就已經(jīng)放棄了的詞匯入手，如按“M, N, O, P , I, T…”順序，重點(diǎn)記憶動(dòng)詞、形容詞。最好再記憶經(jīng)常被我們光顧的 “A, B, C, D 或X, Y, Z”, 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)效果很棒的!!!

　　總之，詞匯換用這在雅思詞匯中是很平常的現(xiàn)象，但同時(shí)，這也是很多中國考生在平時(shí)容易忽視的細(xì)節(jié)，詞匯換用的技巧也不能通過單純的死記硬背雅思考試詞匯來掌握，所以同學(xué)們要注意平時(shí)針對(duì)性的練習(xí)。