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　　托福閱讀如何做修辭目的題呢？技巧三：巧用選項邏輯排除大法

　　選項中除了to后面的動詞對做題很有用之外，其中的邏輯關系也值得我們好好分析，經常可以起到幫助我們縮小選擇范圍的作用。

　　例題三：

　　Scientists have known for some time that certain plants, called hyperaccumulators, can concentrate minerals at levels a hundredfold or greater than normal. A survey of known hyperaccumulators identified that 75 percent of them amassed nickel, cobalt, copper, zinc, manganese, lead, and cadmium are other minerals of choice. Hyperaccumulators run the entire range of the plant world. They may be herbs, shrubs, or trees. Many members of the mustard family, spurge family, legume family, and grass family are top hyperaccumulators. Many are found in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, where accumulation of high concentrations of metals may afford some protection against plant-eating insects and microbial pathogens.

　　8. Why does the author mention “herbs”, “shrubs”, and “trees”? （4）

　　○ To provide examples of plant types that cannot tolerate high levels of harmful minerals.

　　○ To show why so many plants are hyperaccumulators.

　　○ To help explain why hyperaccumulators can be found in so many different places.

　　○ To emphasize that hyperaccumulators occur in a wide range of plant types.

　　這道題中定位句和前一句的關聯比較明顯。定位句出現了代詞they，指代的是前一句中的Hyperaccumulators，而定位句可以說在對Hyperaccumulators做一些列舉來體現出它的范圍廣。

　　因此，我們可以判定這兩句話之間就是指代關系或者后面通過列舉說明前面的關系。而看回選項，b和c明顯擅自添加了因果邏輯why，那我們就可以快速地排除掉這兩個選項了。

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